Abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disease. It is believed that the attachment of autoantibodies to autoantigens leads to inflammation and kidney disorders. Alpha- 1-antitrypsin is an acute phase protein that neutralizes the deleterious effects of the proteolytic enzymes. The level of alpha-1-antitrypsin raises in inflammation. This enzyme is produced from those inflammatory cells (neutrophils) infiltrating to the involved sites. The goals of this study were the comparison of alpha-1-antitrypsin concentration in SLE patients and healthy controls and also the assessment of the enzyme levels in the patients with and without kidney disorders. Sera of 62 patients (58 female and 4 male) and 32 healthy controls (28 female and 4 male) were collected and rocket immune electrophoresis (RIE) was employed for the determination of the enzyme. In the patients (aged 31+9, range 14-58 years) and in the control group (aged 31+10, range 14-57 years) alpha-1-antitrypsin levels were (139±46 mg/dl) and (117+22mg/dl) respectively (p<0.01).The alpha-1- antitrypsin levels in patients with kidney disorder were less than patients without kidney disorder (127+36 mg/dl and 151+52 mg/dl respectively, p<0.03). There was a significant association between low levels of alpha-1-antitrypsin and the presence of kidney disorder in SLE patients.